Paula Sperdakos: From Upper Canada to Broadway: Elizabeth Jane Phillips, Grande Dame of American Stock Theatre

Few people now recognize the name of Elizabeth Jane Phillips, even though she had a successful cross-border acting career of forty-five years, and is likely Canada’s first expatriate actress. Born in 1830 in Chatham, Upper Canada, she began acting with the Amateur Theatrical Society of Hamilton in 1848, and then joined John Nickinson’s Royal Lyceum company in Toronto in 1852.  She played all the supporting female roles that Nickinson’s daughters would not or were not old enough to play. In 1858 Phillips left Canada, and except as a member of various touring companies, never returned. Her work took her all over the United States, until in 1877 she became a member of A. M. Palmer’s stock company at the Union Square Theatre in New York, which, according to theatre chronicler G.C.D. Odell (Annals of the New York Stage, 1927), was "one of the finest stock companies the city ever knew,” and she and her colleagues were considered “among the best stock actors in America.”  This paper will serve as an introduction to an actress who was never a star, but rather a trouper, one of the unsung heroines of the theatre during the nineteenth century.